基于Laravel Auth自定义接口API用户认证的实现方法
发布:smiling 来源: PHP粉丝网 添加日期:2021-10-10 13:46:52 浏览: 评论:0
这篇文章主要给大家介绍了基于Laravel Auth自定义接口API用户认证的实现方法,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习学习吧。
基于 laravel 默认的 auth 实现 api 认证
现在微服务越来越流行了. 很多东西都拆分成独立的系统,各个系统之间没有直接的关系. 这样我们如果做用户认证肯定是统一的做一个独立的 用户认证 系统,而不是每个业务系统都要重新去写一遍用户认证相关的东西. 但是又遇到一个问题了. laravel 默认的auth 认证 是基于数据库做的,如果要微服务架构可怎么做呢?
实现代码如下:
UserProvider 接口:
通过唯一标示符获取认证模型
public function retrieveById($identifier);
通过唯一标示符和 remember token 获取模型
public function retrieveByToken($identifier, $token);
通过给定的认证模型更新 remember token
public function updateRememberToken(Authenticatable $user, $token);
通过给定的凭证获取用户,比如 email 或用户名等等
public function retrieveByCredentials(array $credentials);
认证给定的用户和给定的凭证是否符合
public function validateCredentials(Authenticatable $user, array $credentials);
Laravel 中默认有两个 user provider : DatabaseUserProvider & EloquentUserProvider.
DatabaseUserProvider
Illuminate\Auth\DatabaseUserProvider
直接通过数据库表来获取认证模型.
EloquentUserProvider
Illuminate\Auth\EloquentUserProvider
通过 eloquent 模型来获取认证模型
根据上面的知识,可以知道要自定义一个认证很简单。
自定义 Provider
创建一个自定义的认证模型,实现 Authenticatable 接口;
App\Auth\UserProvider.php
- <?php
- namespace App\Auth;
- use App\Models\User;
- use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable;
- use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\UserProvider as Provider;
- class UserProvider implements Provider
- {
- /**
- * Retrieve a user by their unique identifier.
- * @param mixed $identifier
- * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable|null
- */
- public function retrieveById($identifier)
- {
- return app(User::class)::getUserByGuId($identifier);
- }
- /**
- * Retrieve a user by their unique identifier and "remember me" token.
- * @param mixed $identifier
- * @param string $token
- * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable|null
- */
- public function retrieveByToken($identifier, $token)
- {
- return null;
- }
- /**
- * Update the "remember me" token for the given user in storage.
- * @param \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable $user
- * @param string $token
- * @return bool
- */
- public function updateRememberToken(Authenticatable $user, $token)
- {
- return true;
- }
- /**
- * Retrieve a user by the given credentials.
- * @param array $credentials
- * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable|null
- */
- public function retrieveByCredentials(array $credentials)
- {
- if ( !isset($credentials['api_token'])) {
- return null;
- }
- return app(User::class)::getUserByToken($credentials['api_token']);
- }
- /**
- * Rules a user against the given credentials.
- * @param \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable $user
- * @param array $credentials
- * @return bool
- */
- public function validateCredentials(Authenticatable $user, array $credentials)
- {
- if ( !isset($credentials['api_token'])) {
- return false;
- }
- return true;
- }
- }
Authenticatable 接口:
Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable
Authenticatable 定义了一个可以被用来认证的模型或类需要实现的接口,也就是说,如果需要用一个自定义的类来做认证,需要实现这个接口定义的方法。
- <?php
- .
- .
- .
- // 获取唯一标识的,可以用来认证的字段名,比如 id,uuid
- public function getAuthIdentifierName();
- // 获取该标示符对应的值
- public function getAuthIdentifier();
- // 获取认证的密码
- public function getAuthPassword();
- // 获取remember token
- public function getRememberToken();
- // 设置 remember token
- public function setRememberToken($value);
- // 获取 remember token 对应的字段名,比如默认的 'remember_token'
- public function getRememberTokenName();
Laravel 中定义的 Authenticatable trait,也是 Laravel auth 默认的 User 模型使用的 trait,这个 trait 定义了 User 模型默认认证标示符为 'id',密码字段为password,remember token 对应的字段为 remember_token 等等。
通过重写 User 模型的这些方法可以修改一些设置。
实现自定义认证模型
App\Models\User.php
- <?php
- namespace App\Models;
- use App\Exceptions\RestApiException;
- use App\Models\Abstracts\RestApiModel;
- use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable;
- class User extends RestApiModel implements Authenticatable
- {
- protected $primaryKey = 'guid';
- public $incrementing = false;
- protected $keyType = 'string';
- /**
- * 获取唯一标识的,可以用来认证的字段名,比如 id,guid
- * @return string
- */
- public function getAuthIdentifierName()
- {
- return $this->primaryKey;
- }
- /**
- * 获取主键的值
- * @return mixed
- */
- public function getAuthIdentifier()
- {
- $id = $this->{$this->getAuthIdentifierName()};
- return $id;
- }
- public function getAuthPassword()
- {
- return '';
- }
- public function getRememberToken()
- {
- return '';
- }
- public function setRememberToken($value)
- {
- return true;
- }
- public function getRememberTokenName()
- {
- return '';
- }
- protected static function getBaseUri()
- {
- return config('api-host.user');
- }
- public static $apiMap = [
- 'getUserByToken' => ['method' => 'GET', 'path' => 'login/user/token'],
- 'getUserByGuId' => ['method' => 'GET', 'path' => 'user/guid/:guid'],
- ];
- /**
- * 获取用户信息 (by guid)
- * @param string $guid
- * @return User|null
- */
- public static function getUserByGuId(string $guid)
- {
- try {
- $response = self::getItem('getUserByGuId', [
- ':guid' => $guid
- ]);
- } catch (RestApiException $e) {
- return null;
- }
- return $response;
- }
- /**
- * 获取用户信息 (by token)
- * @param string $token
- * @return User|null
- */
- public static function getUserByToken(string $token)
- {
- try {
- $response = self::getItem('getUserByToken', [
- 'Authorization' => $token
- ]);
- } catch (RestApiException $e) {
- return null;
- }
- return $response;
- }
- }
上面 RestApiModel 是我们公司对 Guzzle 的封装,用于 php 项目各个系统之间 api 调用. 代码就不方便透漏了.
Guard 接口
Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Guard
Guard 接口定义了某个实现了 Authenticatable (可认证的) 模型或类的认证方法以及一些常用的接口。
- // 判断当前用户是否登录
- public function check();
- // 判断当前用户是否是游客(未登录)
- public function guest();
- // 获取当前认证的用户
- public function user();
- // 获取当前认证用户的 id,严格来说不一定是 id,应该是上个模型中定义的唯一的字段名
- public function id();
- // 根据提供的消息认证用户
- public function validate(array $credentials = []);
- // 设置当前用户
- public function setUser(Authenticatable $user);
StatefulGuard 接口
Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\StatefulGuard
StatefulGuard 接口继承自 Guard 接口,除了 Guard 里面定义的一些基本接口外,还增加了更进一步、有状态的 Guard.
新添加的接口有这些:
- // 尝试根据提供的凭证验证用户是否合法
- public function attempt(array $credentials = [], $remember = false);
- // 一次性登录,不记录session or cookie
- public function once(array $credentials = []);
- // 登录用户,通常在验证成功后记录 session 和 cookie
- public function login(Authenticatable $user, $remember = false);
- // 使用用户 id 登录
- public function loginUsingId($id, $remember = false);
- // 使用用户 ID 登录,但是不记录 session 和 cookie
- public function onceUsingId($id);
- // 通过 cookie 中的 remember token 自动登录
- public function viaRemember();
- // 登出
- public function logout();
Laravel 中默认提供了 3 中 guard :RequestGuard,TokenGuard,SessionGuard.
RequestGuard
Illuminate\Auth\RequestGuard
RequestGuard 是一个非常简单的 guard. RequestGuard 是通过传入一个闭包来认证的,可以通过调用 Auth::viaRequest 添加一个自定义的 RequestGuard.
SessionGuard
Illuminate\Auth\SessionGuard
SessionGuard 是 Laravel web 认证默认的 guard.
TokenGuard
Illuminate\Auth\TokenGuard
TokenGuard 适用于无状态 api 认证,通过 token 认证.
实现自定义 Guard
App\Auth\UserGuard.php
- <?php
- namespace App\Auth;
- use Illuminate\Http\Request;
- use Illuminate\Auth\GuardHelpers;
- use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Guard;
- use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\UserProvider;
- class UserGuard implements Guard
- {
- use GuardHelpers;
- protected $user = null;
- protected $request;
- protected $provider;
- /**
- * The name of the query string item from the request containing the API token.
- *
- * @var string
- */
- protected $inputKey;
- /**
- * The name of the token "column" in persistent storage.
- *
- * @var string
- */
- protected $storageKey;
- /**
- * The user we last attempted to retrieve
- * @var
- */
- protected $lastAttempted;
- /**
- * UserGuard constructor.
- * @param UserProvider $provider
- * @param Request $request
- * @return void
- */
- public function __construct(UserProvider $provider, Request $request = null)
- {
- $this->request = $request;
- $this->provider = $provider;
- $this->inputKey = 'Authorization';
- $this->storageKey = 'api_token';
- }
- /**
- * Get the currently authenticated user.
- * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable|null
- */
- public function user()
- {
- if(!is_null($this->user)) {
- return $this->user;
- }
- $user = null;
- $token = $this->getTokenForRequest();
- if(!emptyempty($token)) {
- $user = $this->provider->retrieveByCredentials(
- [$this->storageKey => $token]
- );
- }
- return $this->user = $user;
- }
- /**
- * Rules a user's credentials.
- * @param array $credentials
- * @return bool
- */
- public function validate(array $credentials = [])
- {
- if (emptyempty($credentials[$this->inputKey])) {
- return false;
- }
- $credentials = [$this->storageKey => $credentials[$this->inputKey]];
- $this->lastAttempted = $user = $this->provider->retrieveByCredentials($credentials);
- return $this->hasValidCredentials($user, $credentials);
- }
- /**
- * Determine if the user matches the credentials.
- * @param mixed $user
- * @param array $credentials
- * @return bool
- */
- protected function hasValidCredentials($user, $credentials)
- {
- return !is_null($user) && $this->provider->validateCredentials($user, $credentials);
- }
- /**
- * Get the token for the current request.
- * @return string
- */
- public function getTokenForRequest()
- {
- $token = $this->request->header($this->inputKey);
- return $token;
- }
- /**
- * Set the current request instance.
- *
- * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request
- * @return $this
- */
- public function setRequest(Request $request)
- {
- $this->request = $request;
- return $this;
- }
- }
在 AppServiceProvider 的 boot 方法添加如下代码:
App\Providers\AuthServiceProvider.php
- <?php
- .
- .
- .
- // auth:api -> token provider.
- Auth::provider('token', function() {
- return app(UserProvider::class);
- });
- // auth:api -> token guard.
- // @throw \Exception
- Auth::extend('token', function($app, $name, array $config) {
- if($name === 'api') {
- return app()->make(UserGuard::class, [
- 'provider' => Auth::createUserProvider($config['provider']),
- 'request' => $app->request,
- ]);
- }
- throw new \Exception('This guard only serves "auth:api".');
- });
- .
- .
- .
在 config\auth.php的 guards 数组中添加自定义 guard,一个自定义 guard 包括两部分: driver 和 provider.
设置 config\auth.php 的 defaults.guard 为 api.
- <?php
- return [
- /*
- |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
- | Authentication Defaults
- |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
- |
- | This option controls the default authentication "guard" and password
- | reset options for your application. You may change these defaults
- | as required, but they're a perfect start for most applications.
- |
- */
- 'defaults' => [
- 'guard' => 'api',
- 'passwords' => 'users',
- ],
- /*
- |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
- | Authentication Guards
- |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
- |
- | Next, you may define every authentication guard for your application.
- | Of course, a great default configuration has been defined for you
- | here which uses session storage and the Eloquent user provider.
- |
- | All authentication drivers have a user provider. This defines how the
- | users are actually retrieved out of your database or other storage
- | mechanisms used by this application to persist your user's data.
- |
- | Supported: "session", "token"
- |
- */
- 'guards' => [
- 'web' => [
- 'driver' => 'session',
- 'provider' => 'users',
- ],
- 'api' => [
- 'driver' => 'token',
- 'provider' => 'token',
- ],
- ],
- /*
- |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
- | User Providers
- |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
- |
- | All authentication drivers have a user provider. This defines how the
- | users are actually retrieved out of your database or other storage
- | mechanisms used by this application to persist your user's data.
- |
- | If you have multiple user tables or models you may configure multiple
- | sources which represent each model / table. These sources may then
- | be assigned to any extra authentication guards you have defined.
- |
- | Supported: "database", "eloquent"
- |
- */
- 'providers' => [
- 'users' => [
- 'driver' => 'eloquent',
- 'model' => App\Models\User::class,
- ],
- 'token' => [
- 'driver' => 'token',
- 'model' => App\Models\User::class,
- ],
- ],
- /*
- |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
- | Resetting Passwords
- |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
- |
- | You may specify multiple password reset configurations if you have more
- | than one user table or model in the application and you want to have
- | separate password reset settings based on the specific user types.
- |
- | The expire time is the number of minutes that the reset token should be
- | considered valid. This security feature keeps tokens short-lived so
- | they have less time to be guessed. You may change this as needed.
- |
- */
- 'passwords' => [
- 'users' => [
- 'provider' => 'users',
- 'table' => 'password_resets',
- 'expire' => 60,
- ],
- ],
- ];
Tags: Auth API
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