编译安装LNMP(linux+nginx+mysql+php)环境详解
发布:smiling 来源: PHP粉丝网 添加日期:2015-05-06 15:34:17 浏览: 评论:0
LNMP环境安装方式不少种了,这里给各位介绍编译安装LNMP(linux+nginx+mysql+php)配置,有兴趣使用编译安装LNMP(linux+nginx+mysql+php)的朋友可以和小编来看看吧.
说明:php在编译安装时,nginx要想能够调用php提供动态php格式的网页,必须用FastCGI来实现,但 FastCGI只是一个框架,实现FastCGI框架的有PHP-FPM,但对于5.2.x版本的php来说,默认是不支持PHP-FPM的,需要打上php-fpm的补丁,对于5.3.2之前版本的也是需要打补丁的,而且打补丁的过程比较麻烦。好在5.3.3版 本的PHP-FPM被直接做进了源代码包中,在编译安装时只需启用PHP-FPM功能即可。
但如果要使用PHP-FPM的话,还需要提供以下几个功能:
需要提供可以解析xml格式的文档,需要安装libxml2 和libxml2-devel这两个包,好在这两个包在安装完开发环境后这两个包是默认安装过的.
需要安装libevent并且在1.4.12之后的版本,不幸的是rhel5.4版本中这个包是是在1.4.12之前的,需要从新手动编译安装该包.
libiconv 用来提供网络连接方式的功能组件,可以实现更快速的网络访问,这个组件系统上是没有装的,需要手动编译安装.
构建编译环境:
- yum -y install gcc openssl-devel zlib-devel pcre-devel
- yum groupinstall "Developement Tools" "Development Libraries" -yt
首先安装Nginx:
- wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.14.tar.gz
- tar zxvf nginx-1.0.14.tar.gz #
- useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx
- cd nginx-1.0.14
- ./configure \
- --prefix=/usr \
- --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \
- --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
- --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
- --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
- --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \
- --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
- --user=nginx \
- --group=nginx \
- --with-http_ssl_module \
- --with-http_flv_module \
- --with-http_stub_status_module \
- --with-http_gzip_static_module \
- --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \
- --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \
- --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/
- make && make install
创建nginx的启动脚本:
- vim /etc/init.d/nginxd
- #!/bin/sh
- #
- # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
- #
- # chkconfig: - 85 15
- # description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
- # proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
- # processname: nginx
- # config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
- # config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
- # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
- # Source function library.
- . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
- # Source networking configuration.
- . /etc/sysconfig/network
- # Check that networking is up.
- [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
- nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
- prog=$(basename $nginx)
- NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
- [ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
- lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
- make_dirs() {
- # make required directories
- user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
- options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
- for opt in $options; do
- if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
- value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
- if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
- # echo "creating" $value
- mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
- fi
- fi
- done
- }
- start() {
- [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
- [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
- make_dirs
- echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
- daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
- retval=$?
- echo
- [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
- return $retval
- }
- stop() {
- echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
- killproc $prog -QUIT
- retval=$?
- echo
- [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
- return $retval
- }
- restart() {
- configtest || return $?
- stop
- sleep 1
- start
- }
- reload() {
- configtest || return $?
- echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
- killproc $nginx -HUP
- RETVAL=$?
- echo
- }
- force_reload() {
- restart
- }
- configtest() {
- $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
- }
- rh_status() {
- status $prog
- }
- rh_status_q() {
- rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
- }
- case "$1" in
- start)
- rh_status_q && exit 0
- $1
- ;;
- stop)
- rh_status_q || exit 0
- $1
- ;;
- restart|configtest)
- $1
- ;;
- reload)
- rh_status_q || exit 7
- $1
- ;;
- force-reload)
- force_reload
- ;;
- status)
- rh_status
- ;;
- condrestart|try-restart)
- rh_status_q || exit 0
- ;;
- *)
- echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}" //phpfensi.com
- exit 2
- esac
- chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginxd #给予脚本执行权限
- chkconfig --add nginxd #加入开机启动选项中
- chkconfig nginxd on #设置开机自动启动
- service nginxd start #启动nginx 服务
测试访问:nginx
安装MySQL:
下载:
- wget http://mysql.mirrors.hoobly.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz
- tar zxvf mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz
- cd mysql-5.5.22-linux2.6-i686
- /usr/sbin/groupadd mysql #添加mysql用户
- /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql #添加mysql组
编译:
- ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg
- make&&make install
编译时出现错误:
- ../depcomp: line 571: exec: g++: not found
- make[1]: *** [my_new.o] Error 127
- make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/lnmpsrc/mysql-5.1.62/mysys'
- make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
在其他安装g++的服务器上查看g++属于哪个包:
- [root@vps ~]# find / -name g++
- /usr/bin/g++
- [root@vps ~]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/g++
- gcc-c++-4.4.6-3.el6.i686
可以看出g++属于gcc-c++包,安装gcc-c++:[root@vps ~]#yum install gcc-c++ -y
重新编译:
- ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg
- make&&make install
改变/usr/local/mysql目录用户和属组:
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
创建mysql数据库、日志存放目录:
- mkdir /mysql/{data,binlog,relaylog} -p
- chown -R mysql.mysql /mysql
以mysql帐号建立数据表:
- /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mysql/data --user=mysql
创建mysql配置文件:
- vim /mysql/my.cnf
- [client]
- character-set-server = utf8
- port = 3306
- socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
- [mysqld]
- character-set-server = utf8
- replicate-ignore-db = mysql
- replicate-ignore-db = test
- replicate-ignore-db = information_schema
- user = mysql
- port = 3306
- socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
- basedir = /usr/local/mysql
- datadir = /mysql/data
- log-error = /mysql/mysql_error.log
- pid-file = /mysql/mysql.pid
- open_files_limit = 10240
- back_log = 600
- max_connections = 5000
- max_connect_errors = 6000
- table_cache = 614
- external-locking = FALSE
- max_allowed_packet = 32M
- sort_buffer_size = 1M
- join_buffer_size = 1M
- thread_cache_size = 300
- #thread_concurrency = 8
- query_cache_size = 512M
- query_cache_limit = 2M
- query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
- default-storage-engine = MyISAM
- thread_stack = 192K
- transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
- tmp_table_size = 246M
- max_heap_table_size = 246M
- long_query_time = 3
- log-slave-updates
- log-bin = /mysql/data/binlog
- binlog_cache_size = 4M
- binlog_format = MIXED
- max_binlog_cache_size = 8M
- max_binlog_size = 1G
- relay-log-index = /mysql/relaylog/relaylog
- relay-log-info-file = /mysql/relaylog/relaylog
- relay-log = /mysql/relaylog/relaylog
- expire_logs_days = 30
- key_buffer_size = 256M
- read_buffer_size = 1M
- read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
- bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
- myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
- myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
- myisam_repair_threads = 1
- myisam_recover
- interactive_timeout = 120
- wait_timeout = 120
- skip-name-resolve
- #master-connect-retry = 10
- slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396
- #master-host = 192.168.1.1
- #master-user = username
- #master-password = password
- #master-port = 3306
- server-id = 1
- innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
- innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M
- innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:256M:autoextend
- innodb_file_io_threads = 4
- innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
- innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
- innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
- innodb_log_file_size = 128M
- innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
- innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
- innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
- innodb_file_per_table = 0
- #log-slow-queries = /mysql/slow.log
- #long_query_time = 10
- [mysqldump]
- quick
- max_allowed_packet = 32M
管理mysql脚本:
- vim /mysql/mysqld
- #!/bin/sh
- mysql_port=3306
- mysql_username="admin" #帐号密码可以自行创建
- mysql_password="rootisnosafe"
- function_start_mysql()
- {
- printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
- /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/mysql/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
- }
- function_stop_mysql()
- {
- printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
- /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown
- }
- function_restart_mysql()
- {
- printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
- function_stop_mysql
- sleep 5
- function_start_mysql
- }
- function_kill_mysql()
- {
- kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')
- kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')
- }
- if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then
- function_start_mysql
- elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then
- function_stop_mysql
- elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then
- function_restart_mysql
- elif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; then
- function_kill_mysql
- else
- printf "Usage: /mysql/mysqld {start|stop|restart|kill}\n"
- fi
赋予脚本执行权限:
chmod +x /mysql/mysqld
启动mysql:/mysql/mysqld start
命令行管理mysql:/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock
创建一个具有root权限的用户:admin,密码为rootisnosafe:
- GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'rootisnosafe';
- GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY 'rootisnosafe';
安装php:先安装libevent和libiconv:
- wget https://github.com/downloads/libevent/libevent/libevent-1.4.14b-stable.tar.gz
- tar zxvf libevent-1.4.14b-stable.tar.gz
- cd libevent-1.4.14b-stable
- ./configure&&make&&make install
- wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
- tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
- cd libiconv-1.14
- ./configure
- make
- make install
- ln -sf /usr/local/lib/libiconv.so.2 /usr/lib/libiconv.so.2
现在安装php:
- wget http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-5.4.0.tar.gz
- tar zxvf php-5.4.0.tar.gz
- cd php-5.4.0
- ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-openssl --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local
- make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' #因为-liconv的目录不是在/usr/local下所以安装时需要手动指定
- make install
其中:
–with-mysql和–with-mysqli的路径是你mysql的具体所在的目录.
–enable-fpm 启动fpm,其他都是些基本选项,简单易懂.
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
修改配置文件:
- vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
- pm.max_children = 50
- pm.start_servers = 10
- pm.min_spare_servers = 5
- pm.max_spare_servers = 35
启动:/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm &
检查是否正常启动:
- netstat -tunlp|grep 9000
- tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7826/php-fpm
将 /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm &加入到rc.local:
echo '/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm &' >>/etc/rc.local
配置fastcgi_params 文件:
vim /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
将内容替换为:
- fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
- fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
- fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
- fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
- fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
- fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
- fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
- fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
- fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
- fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
- fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
- fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
- fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
- fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
- fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
- fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
- fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
- # PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
- fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;
最后修改nginx.conf配置文件:
- vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
- location ~ \.php$ {
- root /www;
- fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
- fastcgi_index index.php;
- fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
- include fastcgi_params;
- }
- location / {
- root /www;
- index index.php index.html index.htm;
- }
保存退出,启动nginx:service nginxd start
编辑/www/index.php:
- <?php
- phpinfo();
- ?>
- //访问测试:testphp
测试数据库连接:编辑:/www/index.php
- <?php
- $link=mysql_connect("localhost","admin","rootisnosafe");
- if($link) echo "OK";
- else echo "FAIL";
- ?>
刷新访问,如果出现OK字样,表示连接正常.
Tags: LNMP linux+nginx+mysql+php
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