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mysql 5.5数据库主从配置步骤详解

发布:smiling　来源: PHP粉丝网 　添加日期：2014-10-01 21:28:54　浏览: 评论：0　

上次给大家介绍了mysql 5.1主从搭建配置教程,这次我们来实现mysql 5.5的主从复制,其实大体上配置是差不多的,只有点细微的差别.

系统:centos 5.x,需要的软件包:mysql-5.5.33.tar.gz

环境准备:服务器a:192.168.10.151 (主),服务器b:192.168.10.152 (从)

1.安装前准备

  1. wget http://mysql.llarian.net/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.33.tar.gz 
  2. yum -y install gcc  gcc-c++ libtool-libs autoconf freetype-devel gd libjpeg-devel  
  3. libpng-devel libxml2-devel ncurses-devel zlib-devel zip unzip curl-devel wget crontabs  
  4.  file bison cmake patch mlocate flex diffutils automake make kernel-devel cpp  
  5. readline-devel openssl-devel vim-minimal glibc-devel  glib2-devel  
  6. bzip2-devel e2fsprogs-devel libidn-devel  gettext-devel expat-devel  
  7. libcap-devel  libtool-ltdl-devel pam-devel pcre-devel libmcrypt-devel 

2.在服务器a上安装mysql

  1. tar zxf mysql-5.5.33.tar.gz && cd mysql-5.5.33 
  2. /usr/sbin/groupadd mysql 
  3. /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql 
  4. cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=complex -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 
  5. make 
  6. make install 
  7. chmod +w /usr/local/mysql 
  8. chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql 
  9. cd support-files/ 
  10. cp my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf 
  11. cp -f mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld 
  12. mkdir /var/lib/mysql 
  13. /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql 
  14. chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld 
  15. chkconfig --add mysqld 
  16. chkconfig  mysqld on 
  17. cat > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf<<EOF 
  18. /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql 
  19. /usr/local/lib 
  20. EOF 
  21. ldconfig 

如果你是在64位机器上的话,那你就执行下面这个命令:

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib64/mysql

如果你是在32位机器上的话,那就执行下面的命令:

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql

然后再执行:

  1. ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin 
  2. ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/bin 
  3. ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/bin 
  4. service mysqld start 
  5. mysqladmin -u root password 'password' 

当然如果大家觉得编译安装mysql很麻烦的话,那么可以去看看这篇文章安装mysql5.5二进制包,服务器b安装mysql配置跟服务器a一样,这里就不说了.

3.配置主从,在服务器a上:

  1. vi /etc/my.cnf 
  2. [mysqld] 
  3. log-bin=master-bin 
  4. log-bin-index=master-bin.index 
  5. server-id       = 1 
  6. innodb_file_per_table = 1 
  7. binlog_format=mixed 

授权复制用户:

  1. mysql -u root -p 
  2. grant replication slave on *.* to 'dbmysql'@'%' identified by '123456'; 
  3. flush privileges; 

重启mysql:service mysqld restart

在服务器b上:

  1. vi /etc/my.cnf 
  2. [mysqld] 
  3. relay-log = relay-log 
  4. relay-log-index = relay-log.index 
  5. server-id       = 2 
  6. innodb_file_per_table = 1 
  7. binlog_format=mixed 

然后重启mysql:service mysqld restart

服务器b连接连接主服务器并复制,先在服务器a上查看master的状态:

  1. mysql> show master status; 
  2. +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+  
  3. | File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |  
  4. +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+  
  5. | master-bin.000001 |      107 |              |                  |  
  6. +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+  
  7. 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 

然后在服务器b上进行连接:

  1. mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.10.151',master_user='dbmysql',maste 
  2. r_password='123456',master_log_file='master-bin.000001',master_log_pos=107; 

查看一下slave状态,代码如下:

  1. mysql> show slave statusG  
  2. *************************** 1. row *************************** 
  3.                Slave_IO_State:  
  4.                   Master_Host: 192.168.10.151 
  5.                   Master_User: dbmysql 
  6.                   Master_Port: 3306 
  7.                 Connect_Retry: 60 
  8.               Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 
  9.           Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107 
  10.                Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000001 
  11.                 Relay_Log_Pos: 4 
  12.         Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 
  13.              Slave_IO_Running: No 
  14.             Slave_SQL_Running: No 
  15.               Replicate_Do_DB:  
  16.           Replicate_Ignore_DB:  
  17.            Replicate_Do_Table:  
  18.        Replicate_Ignore_Table:  
  19.       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:  
  20.   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:  
  21.                    Last_Errno: 0 
  22.                    Last_Error:  
  23.                  Skip_Counter: 0 
  24.           Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107 
  25.               Relay_Log_Space: 107 
  26.               Until_Condition: None 
  27.                Until_Log_File:  
  28.                 Until_Log_Pos: 0 
  29.            Master_SSL_Allowed: No 
  30.            Master_SSL_CA_File:  
  31.            Master_SSL_CA_Path:  
  32.               Master_SSL_Cert:  
  33.             Master_SSL_Cipher:  
  34.                Master_SSL_Key:  
  35.         Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL 
  36. Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No 
  37.                 Last_IO_Errno: 0 
  38.                 Last_IO_Error:  
  39.                Last_SQL_Errno: 0 
  40.                Last_SQL_Error:   --phpfensi.com 
  41.   Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:  
  42.              Master_Server_Id: 0 
  43. 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 

启动slave再查看:

  1. mysql> start slave; 
  2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 
  3. mysql> show slave statusG 
  4. *************************** 1. row *************************** 
  5.                Slave_IO_State: Connecting to master 
  6.                   Master_Host: 192.168.10.151 
  7.                   Master_User: dbmysql 
  8.                   Master_Port: 3306 
  9.                 Connect_Retry: 60 
  10.               Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 
  11.           Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107 
  12.                Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000001 
  13.                 Relay_Log_Pos: 4 
  14.         Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 
  15.              Slave_IO_Running: Connecting 
  16.             Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 
  17.               Replicate_Do_DB:  
  18.           Replicate_Ignore_DB:  
  19.            Replicate_Do_Table:  
  20.        Replicate_Ignore_Table:  
  21.       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:  
  22.   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:  
  23.                    Last_Errno: 0 
  24.                    Last_Error:  
  25.                  Skip_Counter: 0 
  26.           Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107 
  27.               Relay_Log_Space: 107 
  28.               Until_Condition: None 
  29.                Until_Log_File:  
  30.                 Until_Log_Pos: 0 
  31.            Master_SSL_Allowed: No 
  32.            Master_SSL_CA_File:  
  33.            Master_SSL_CA_Path:  
  34.               Master_SSL_Cert:  
  35.             Master_SSL_Cipher:  
  36.                Master_SSL_Key:  
  37.         Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL 
  38. Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No 
  39.                 Last_IO_Errno: 2003 
  40.                 Last_IO_Error: error connecting to master 'dbmysql@192.168.10.151:3306' - retry-time: 60  retries: 86400 
  41.                Last_SQL_Errno: 0 
  42.                Last_SQL_Error:  
  43.   Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:  
  44.              Master_Server_Id: 0 
  45. 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 

看到上面错误了没,说明mysql主和从服务器的防火墙没有开放3306端口,去服务器a和服务器b上把3306端口打开,再来查看mysql从的状态,代码如下:

  1. mysql> show slave statusG 
  2. *************************** 1. row *************************** 
  3.                Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event 
  4.                   Master_Host: 192.168.10.151 
  5.                   Master_User: dbmysql 
  6.                   Master_Port: 3306 
  7.                 Connect_Retry: 60 
  8.               Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 
  9.           Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107 
  10.                Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000011 
  11.                 Relay_Log_Pos: 254 
  12.         Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 
  13.              Slave_IO_Running: Yes 
  14.             Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 
  15.               Replicate_Do_DB:  
  16.           Replicate_Ignore_DB:  
  17.            Replicate_Do_Table:  
  18.        Replicate_Ignore_Table:  
  19.       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:  
  20.   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:  
  21.                    Last_Errno: 0 
  22.                    Last_Error:  
  23.                  Skip_Counter: 0 
  24.           Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107 
  25.               Relay_Log_Space: 404 
  26.               Until_Condition: None 
  27.                Until_Log_File:  
  28.                 Until_Log_Pos: 0 
  29.            Master_SSL_Allowed: No 
  30.            Master_SSL_CA_File:  
  31.            Master_SSL_CA_Path:  
  32.               Master_SSL_Cert:  
  33.             Master_SSL_Cipher:  
  34.                Master_SSL_Key:  
  35.         Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 
  36. Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No 
  37.                 Last_IO_Errno: 0 
  38.                 Last_IO_Error:  
  39.                Last_SQL_Errno: 0 
  40.                Last_SQL_Error:  
  41.   Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:  
  42.              Master_Server_Id: 1 
  43. 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 

好了,可以看到Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running都是yes了,下面也没有error提示了.

4.验证,在mysql主上创建个数据库.

mysql> create database emlog;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

再在mysql从上查看是否有这个数据库,代码如下:

  1. mysql> show databases; 
  2. +--------------------+ 
  3. | Database           | 
  4. +--------------------+ 
  5. | information_schema | 
  6. | emlog              | 
  7. | mysql              | 
  8. | performance_schema | 
  9. | test               | 
  10. +--------------------+ 
  11. 5 rows in set (0.02 sec) 

可以看到已经同步复制过来了,mysql主从搭建成功.

Tags: mysql 5 5 mysql主从配置

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