MySQL数据库无法启动实现数据恢复的例子
发布:smiling 来源: PHP粉丝网 添加日期:2015-04-20 11:26:42 浏览: 评论:0
利用工具获取MySQL数据字典的例子这篇文章介绍的是有一些技巧,本文章是介绍在mysql未启动的情况利用dul或者其他三方工具直接读取数据文件中数据并进行恢复了,具体如下.
熟悉Oracle的朋友都知道,当Oracle数据库无法正常启动之时,可以通过dul或者其他三方工具直接读取数据文件中数据,从而来抢救数据,减少损失,在mysql中如果使用了innodb引擎也可以在mysql数据库不启动启动下抽取相关记录.本文为抽取数据字典篇章,后续将继续提供drop恢复,truncate 恢复,delete恢复等mysql非常规恢复篇章.
创建一张get_dict测试表:
- mysql> use xifenfei;
- Reading table information for completion of table and column names
- You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
- Database changed
- mysql> show tables;
- +--------------------+
- | Tables_in_xifenfei |
- +--------------------+
- | t_delete |
- +--------------------+
- 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- mysql> create table get_dict(id int not null primary key,name varchar(100));
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
- mysql> insert into get_dict value(1,'www.phpfensi.com');
- Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
- mysql> insert into get_dict value(2,'www.phpfensi.com-xifenfei');
- Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
- mysql> insert into get_dict value(3,'xifenfei-www.phpfensi.com');
- Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
- mysql> show tables;
- +--------------------+
- | Tables_in_xifenfei |
- +--------------------+
- | get_dict |
- | t_delete |
- +--------------------+
- 2 rows in set (0.00 sec
- mysql> select TABLE_NAME,TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_TYPE from information_schema.tables
- -> where table_name='get_dict';
- +------------+--------------+------------+
- | TABLE_NAME | TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_TYPE |
- +------------+--------------+------------+
- | get_dict | xifenfei | BASE TABLE |
- +------------+--------------+------------+
- 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
- mysql> select TABLE_NAME,NON_UNIQUE,TABLE_SCHEMA,INDEX_SCHEMA,INDEX_NAME,COLUMN_NAME from
- -> INFORMATION_SCHEMA.STATISTICS where TABLE_NAME='get_dict';
- +------------+------------+--------------+--------------+------------+-------------+
- | TABLE_NAME | NON_UNIQUE | TABLE_SCHEMA | INDEX_SCHEMA | INDEX_NAME | COLUMN_NAME |
- +------------+------------+--------------+--------------+------------+-------------+
- | get_dict | 0 | xifenfei | xifenfei | PRIMARY | id |
- +------------+------------+--------------+--------------+------------+-------------+
- 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- mysql> select TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_NAME,COLUMN_NAME,ORDINAL_POSITION from
- -> information_schema.COLUMNS where table_name='get_dict';
- +--------------+------------+-------------+------------------+
- | TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_NAME | COLUMN_NAME | ORDINAL_POSITION |
- +--------------+------------+-------------+------------------+
- | xifenfei | get_dict | id | 1 |
- | xifenfei | get_dict | name | 2 |
- +--------------+------------+-------------+------------------+
- 2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
关闭mysql数据库:
- [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# service mysql stop
- Shutting down MySQL..[ OK ]
- [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ps -ef|grep mysql
- root 18876 15827 0 18:05 pts/1 00:00:00 grep mysql
使用工具解析innodb文件:
- [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ./stream_parser -f /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1
- Opening file: /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1
- File information:
- Opening file: /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1
- File information:
- ID of device containing file: 2054
- inode number: 1782889
- ID of device containing file: 2054
- protection: 100660 inode number: 1782889
- (regular file)
- protection: 100660 number of hard links: 1
- (regular file)
- user ID of owner: 101
- number of hard links: 1
- group ID of owner: 102
- user ID of owner: 101
- device ID (if special file): 0
- group ID of owner: 102
- blocksize for filesystem I/O: 4096
- device ID (if special file): 0
- number of blocks allocated: 24616
- blocksize for filesystem I/O: 4096
- Opening file: /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1
- number of blocks allocated: 24616
- File information:
- ………………
- user ID of owner: 101
- group ID of owner: 102
- device ID (if special file): 0
- blocksize for filesystem I/O: 4096
- ID of device containing file: 2054
- number of blocks allocated: 24616
- inode number: 1782889
- protection: 100660 (regular file)
- number of hard links: 1
- user ID of owner: 101
- group ID of owner: 102
- device ID (if special file): 0
- blocksize for filesystem I/O: 4096
- number of blocks allocated: 24616
- time of last access: 1417922668 Sun Dec 7 11:24:28 2014
- time of last modification: 1418294104 Thu Dec 11 18:35:04 2014
- time of last status change: 1418294104 Thu Dec 11 18:35:04 2014
- time of last access: 1417922668 Sun Dec 7 11:24:28 2014
- total size, in bytes: 12582912 (12.000 MiB)
- time of last modification: 1418294104 Thu Dec 11 18:35:04 2014
- time of last status change: 1418294104 Thu Dec 11 18:35:04 2014
- Size to process: 12582912 (12.000 MiB)
- total size, in bytes: 12582912 (12.000 MiB)
- Size to process: 12582912 (12.000 MiB)
- All workers finished in 0 sec
主要文件介绍:
- [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ls -l pages-ibdata1/FIL_PAGE_INDEX/
- total 1388
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000001.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000002.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 49152 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000003.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 49152 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000004.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000005.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000011.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000012.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000013.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000014.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000015.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 147456 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000016.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 98304 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000017.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000018.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 49152 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000019.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 49152 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000020.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 49152 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000021.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 65536 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000025.page
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Dec 11 18:51 18446744069414584320.page
0000000000000001.page主要是记录mysql中表信息文件
0000000000000002.page主要是记录mysql中的表的列的信息文件
0000000000000003.page主要是记录mysql中表的index信息文件
抽取table数据:
- [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ./c_parser -4f pages-ibdata1/FIL_PAGE_INDEX/0000000000000001.page -t
- dictionary/SYS_TABLES.sql > dumps/default/SYS_TABLES 2> dumps/default/SYS_TABLES.sql
- [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# grep get dumps/default/SYS_TABLES | head -5
- 000000000D1D 95000001510110 SYS_TABLES "xifenfei/get_dict" 23 2 1 0 80 "" 9
- [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# cat dumps/default/SYS_TABLES.sql
- SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
- LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE '/tmp/recovery_mysql/dumps/default/SYS_TABLES' REPLACE INTO TABLE `SYS_TABLES`
- FIELDS TERMINATED BY 't' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' LINES STARTING BY 'SYS_TABLESt'
- (`NAME`, `ID`, `N_COLS`, `TYPE`, `MIX_ID`, `MIX_LEN`, `CLUSTER_NAME`, `SPACE`);
抽取column数据:
- [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ./c_parser -4f pages-ibdata1/FIL_PAGE_INDEX/0000000000000002.page
- -t dictionary/SYS_COLUMNS.sql > dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS 2> dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS.sql
- [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# cat dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS
- -- Page id: 10, Format: REDUNDANT, Records list: Valid, Expected records: (115 115)
- 000000000300 800000012D0123 SYS_COLUMNS 11 0 "ID" 1 4 0 0
- 000000000300 800000012D0138 SYS_COLUMNS 11 1 "FOR_NAME" 1 4 0 0
- …………
- 000000000D1D 95000001510129 SYS_COLUMNS 23 0 "id" 6 1283 4 0
- 000000000D1D 9500000151013E SYS_COLUMNS 23 1 "name" 1 524303 100 0
- -- Page id: 10, Found records: 115, Lost records: NO, Leaf page: YES
- [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# more dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS.sql
- SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
- LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE '/tmp/recovery_mysql/dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS' REPLACE INTO TABLE
- `SYS_COLUMNS` FIELDS TERMINATED BY 't' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY
- '"' LINES STARTING BY 'SYS_COLUMNSt' (`TABLE_ID`, `POS`, `NAME`, `MTYPE`, `PRTYPE`, `LEN`, `PREC`);
抽取index数据:
- [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ./c_parser -4f pages-ibdata1/FIL_PAGE_INDEX/0000000000000003.page
- -t dictionary/SYS_INDEXES.sql > dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES 2> dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES.sql
- [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# more dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES.sql
- SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
- LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE '/tmp/recovery_mysql/dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES' REPLACE INTO TABLE
- `SYS_INDEXES` FIELDS TERMINATED BY 't' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' LINES STARTING BY 'SYS_INDEXESt'
- (`TABLE_ID`, `ID`, `NAME`, `N_FIELDS`, `TYPE`, `SPACE`, `PAGE_NO`);
- [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# more dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES
- -- Page id: 11, Format: REDUNDANT, Records list: Valid, Expected records: (13 13)
- 000000000300 800000012D0177 SYS_INDEXES 11 11 "ID_IND" 1 3 0 302
- …………
- 000000000B02 820000013504C8 SYS_INDEXES 20 22 "GEN_CLUST_INDEX" 0 1 6 3
- 000000000D1D 9500000151016B SYS_INDEXES 23 25 "PRIMARY" 1 3 9 3
启动mysql数据库:
- [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# service mysql start
- Starting MySQL..[ OK ]
- [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ps -ef|grep mysql
- root 18948 1 0 19:57 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql
- --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid
- mysql 19049 18948 14 19:57 pts/1 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql
- --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql
- --log-error=/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.err --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid
- root 19078 15827 0 19:58 pts/1 00:00:00 grep mysql
创建抽取数据字典表:
- mysql> source dictionary/SYS_TABLES.sql
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- …………
- mysql> source dictionary/SYS_INDEXES.sql
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- …………
- mysql> source dictionary/SYS_COLUMNS.sql
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- …………
- mysql> show tables;
- +----------------+
- | Tables_in_test |
- +----------------+
- | SYS_COLUMNS |
- | SYS_INDEXES |
- | SYS_TABLES |
- +----------------+
- 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
加载抽取数据字典数据:
- mysql> source dumps/default/SYS_TABLES.sql
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- Query OK, 11 rows affected (0.03 sec)
- Records: 11 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
- mysql> source dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES.sql
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- Query OK, 39 rows affected (0.01 sec)
- Records: 39 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
- mysql> source dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS.sql
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- Query OK, 115 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- Records: 115 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
验证抽取数据字典数据:
- mysql> desc SYS_TABLES
- -> ;
- +--------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
- | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
- +--------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
- | NAME | varchar(255) | NO | PRI | | |
- | ID | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
- | N_COLS | int(10) | YES | | NULL | |
- | TYPE | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
- | MIX_ID | bigint(20) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
- | MIX_LEN | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
- | CLUSTER_NAME | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
- | SPACE | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
- +--------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
- 8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- mysql> SELECT NAME,ID from SYS_TABLES WHERE NAME='xifenfei/get_dict';
- +-------------------+----+
- | NAME | ID |
- +-------------------+----+
- | xifenfei/get_dict | 23 |
- +-------------------+----+
- 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- mysql> desc SYS_COLUMNS
- -> ;
- +----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
- | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
- +----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
- | TABLE_ID | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | |
- | POS | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | |
- | NAME | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
- | MTYPE | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
- | PRTYPE | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
- | LEN | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
- | PREC | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
- +----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
- 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- mysql> SELECT TABLE_ID,NAME,MTYPE FROM SYS_COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_ID=23;
- +----------+------+-------+
- | TABLE_ID | NAME | MTYPE |
- +----------+------+-------+
- | 23 | id | 6 |
- | 23 | name | 1 |
- +----------+------+-------+
- 2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
- mysql> SELECT TABLE_ID,ID,NAME,TYPE FROM SYS_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_ID=23;
- +----------+----+---------+------+
- | TABLE_ID | ID | NAME | TYPE |
- +----------+----+---------+------+
- | 23 | 25 | PRIMARY | 3 |
- +----------+----+---------+------+
- 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
这里基本上可以看出来,在mysql数据库未启动情况下,使用工具可以正常抽取mysql数据字典信息.
Tags: MySQL数据恢复 MySQL恢复数据
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