php 数组的常用函数
发布:smiling 来源: PHP粉丝网 添加日期:2014-09-18 16:46:53 浏览: 评论:0
在php中数组是种强大的数据类型,他可以做的事情很多,可以存储不同的数据类型在一个数组中,下面我们列出了数组常用的操作,排序,键名对数组排序等做法,函数代码如下:
- <?php
- /* 数组的常用函数
- *
- * 数组的排序函数
- * sort()
- * rsort()
- * usort()
- * asort()
- * arsort()
- * uasort()
- * ksort()
- * krsort()
- * uksort()
- * uatsort()
- * natcasesort()
- * array_multisort()
- *
- * 1.简单的数组排序
- * sort() rsort()
- * 2.根据键名对数组排序
- * ksort() krsort()
- * 3.根据元素的值对数组排序
- * asort() arsort()
- * 4.根据"自然数排序“法对数组排序
- * natsort()//区分大小写字母比较 natcasescort()//不区分大小写字母的比较
- * 5.根据用户自定义规则对数组排序
- * usort() uasort() uksort()对键排序
- * 6.对维数组的排序
- * array_multisort()
- *
- * 拆分、合并、分解、接合的数组函数
- * 1.array_slice()
- * 2.array_splice()//删除
- * 3.array_combine()//合并
- * 4.array_merge();//合并
- * 5.array_intersect();//多个数组的交集
- * 6.array_diff();//返回多个数组的差集
- *
- * 数组与数据结构的函数
- * 1.使用数组实现堆栈 //先进后出
- * array_push() array_pop()
- * 2.使用数组实现队列 //先进先出
- * array_unshift() array_shift() unset()
- *
- *
- * 其他与数组操作有关的函数
- * array_rand()
- * shuffle()
- * array_sum()
- * range()
- */
- //简单数组排序的使用
- $data=array(5,8,1,7,2);
- sort($data);//元素由小到大进行排序
- print_r($data);//Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 5 [3] => 7 [4] => 8 )
- rsort($data);//元素由大到小进行排序
- print_r($data);//Array ( [0] => 8 [1] => 7 [2] => 5 [3] => 2 [4] => 1 )
- //根据键名排序的例子
- $data_2=array(5=>"five",8=>"eight",1=>"one",7=>"seven",2=>"two");
- ksort($data_2);//对数组的下标进行由小到大排序
- print_r($data_2);//Array ( [1] => one [2] => two [5] => five [7] => seven [8] => eight )
- krsort($data_2);//对数组的下标进行由大到小排序
- print_r($data_2);//Array ( [8] => eight [7] => seven [5] => five [2] => two [1] => one )
- //根据元素的值对数组排序
- $data_3=array("1"=>"Linux","a"=>"Apache","m"=>"MySQL","l"=>"PHP");
- //asort() arsort 与 sort() rsort()的区别在于 前者排序后保持原有的键名,后者不保持原有键名,且键名从0开始
- asort($data_3);
- print_r($data_3);//Array ( [a] => Apache [1] => Linux [m] => MySQL [l] => PHP )
- echo '<br/>';
- arsort($data_3);
- print_r($data_3);//Array ( [l] => PHP [m] => MySQL [1] => Linux [a] => Apache )
- echo '<br/>';
- sort($data_3);
- print_r($data_3);//Array ( [0] => Apache [1] => Linux [2] => MySQL [3] => PHP )
- echo '<br/>';
- rsort($data_3);
- print_r($data_3);//Array ( [0] => PHP [1] => MySQL [2] => Linux [3] => Apache )
- //根据”自然数排序法“对数组排序(0-9短者优先)
- $data_4=array("file.txt","file11.txt","file2.txt","file22.txt");
- sort($data_4);
- print_r($data_4);//Array ( [0] => file.txt [1] => file11.txt [2] => file2.txt [3] => file22.txt )
- echo '<br>';
- natsort($data_4);
- print_r($data_4);//Array ( [0] => file.txt [2] => file2.txt [1] => file11.txt [3] => file22.txt )
- echo '<br>';
- natcasesort($data_4);
- print_r($data_4);//Array ( [0] => file.txt [2] => file2.txt [1] => file11.txt [3] => file22.txt )
- echo '<br>';
- //用户自定义排序函数
- echo '<br/>';
- $data_5=array("Linux","Apache","MySQL","PHP");
- usort($data_5,"sortbylen");//通过元素长度排序
- print_r($data_5);//Array ( [0] => PHP [1] => MySQL [2] => Linux [3] => Apache )
- function sortbylen($one,$two){
- if(strlen($one)==strlen($two))
- return 0;
- else
- return (strlen($one)>strlen($two))?1:-1;
- }
- //拆分、合并、分解、接合的数组函数
- echo '<br/>';
- $data_6=array("Linux","Apache","MySQL","PHP");
- print_r(array_slice($data_6,1,2));//取下标为1、2的元素
- //Array ( [0] => Apache [1] => MySQL ) 下标重置从0开始
- echo '<br/>';
- print_r(array_slice($data_6,-2,1));//从后边的第二个开始取返回一个,不是从0开始的
- //Array ( [0] => MySQL ) 下标重置从0开始
- echo '<br/>';
- print_r(array_slice($data_6,1,2,true));
- //Array ( [1] => Apache [2] => MySQL ) 保留原有的下标
- echo '<br/>';
- //array_combine()
- $a1=array("OS","WebServer","DataBase","Language");
- $a2=array("Linux","Apache","MySQL","PHP");
- print_r(array_combine($a1,$a2));//第一个参数作为键名,第二个作为值来合并
- //Array ( [OS] => Linux [WebServer] => Apache [DataBase] => MySQL [Language] => PHP )
- echo '<br/>';
- //array_merge()
- $a3=array("OS","WebServer","DataBase","Language");
- $a4=array("Linux","Apache","MySQL","PHP");
- $a5=$a3+$a4;
- print_r($a5);//因为两个数组下标重复所以显示这样
- //Array ( [0] => OS [1] => WebServer [2] => DataBase [3] => Language )
- echo '<br/>';
- print_r(array_merge($a3,$a4));//合并并重新索引
- //Array ( [0] => OS [1] => WebServer [2] => DataBase [3] => Language [4] => Linux [5] => Apache [6] => MySQL [7] => PHP )
- echo '<br/>';
- //array_intersect()
- $a7=array("OS","WebServer","DataBase","Language",1,2,3);
- $a8=array("Linux","Apache","MySQL","PHP",2,3,4);
- print_r(array_intersect($a7,$a8));//Array ( [5] => 2 [6] => 3 )
- echo '<br/>';
- //array_diff()
- $a9=array(1,2,3,4);
- $a10=array(3,4,5,6);
- print_r(array_diff($a9,$a10));//Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 )
- //返回第一个数组跟第二个相差的元素
- echo '<br/>';
- //使用数组实现堆栈
- $b=array(1,2,3,4);
- $b[]="a";//入栈
- array_push($b,"b","c");//使用函数入栈
- print_r($b);//Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 [3] => 4 [4] => a [5] => b [6] => c )
- echo '<br/>';
- $value=array_pop($b);//使用函数出栈
- print_r($b);//Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 [3] => 4 [4] => a [5] => b )
- echo '<br/>';
- echo $value;//显示出栈的元素的值 c
- echo '<br/>';
- //使用数组实现队列
- $c=array(1,2,3);
- print_r($c);//Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 )
- echo '<br/>';
- array_unshift($c,"abc","bcd");//入队
- print_r($c);//Array ( [0] => abc [1] => bcd [2] => 1 [3] => 2 [4] => 3 )
- echo '<br/>';
- $values=array_shift($c);//出队
- print_r($c);// Array ( [0] => bcd [1] => 1 [2] => 2 [3] => 3 )
- echo '<br/>';
- unset($c[2]);//删除指定位置元素
- print_r($c);//Array ( [0] => bcd [1] => 1 [3] => 3 )
- echo '<br/>';
- //array_rand() 随机返回数组下标
- $arr=array(1,3,4,5,76,7,99,6,2,3);
- echo array_rand($arr);//返回的是随机的数组元素的下标
- echo $arr[array_rand($arr)];//随机显示数组元素的值
- echo '<br/>';
- //shuffle() 随机重新排列数组
- $arr2=array(32,35,33);
- shuffle($arr2);
- print_r($arr2);//数组元素位置随机变换
- echo '<br/>';
- //array_sum() 求和
- $arr3=array(1,3,5);
- echo array_sum($arr3); //返回9
- echo '<br/>';
- print_r($arr3);//Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 3 [2] => 5 )
- echo '<br/>';
- //range(最小值,最大值,步长)
- $arr4=range(0,100,10);
- print_r($arr4);//Array ( [0] => 0 [1] => 10 [2] => 20 [3] => 30 [4] => 40 [5] => 50 [6] => 60 [7] => 70 [8] => 80 [9] => 90 [10] => 100 )
- //开源代码phpfensi.com
- ?>
Tags: php数组函数 php常用数组
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