PHP设计模式之原型设计模式原理与用法分析

发布:smiling　来源: PHP粉丝网　添加日期：2021-09-12 15:14:38　浏览: 评论：0　

这篇文章主要介绍了PHP设计模式之原型设计模式,简单描述了原型设计模式的概念、原理并结合实例形式分析了php原型设计模式的定义与使用方法,需要的朋友可以参考下

本文实例讲述了PHP设计模式之原型设计模式原理与用法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

一、什么是原型设计模式

原型设计模式使用一种克隆技术来复制实例化的对象，新对象是通过复制原型实例创建的。原型设计模式的目的是通过使用克隆以减少实例化对象的开销。

在原型设计模式中，Client类是不可缺少的一部分。

PHP有一个内置的克隆方法__clone()可以在设计模式中使用，但是不能直接访问，使用clone关键字即可。克隆不会启动构造函数。

二、什么时候使用原型设计模式

如果一个项目要求你创建某个原型对象的多个实例，就可以使用原型设计模式。

三、原型设计模式实例

这里以现代企业组织为例：

<?php

/**

*  原型设计模式

*        以现代企业组织为例

**/

//部门抽象类

abstract class IAcmePrototype

{

  protected $id;   //员工ID号

  protected $name;  //员工名字

  protected $dept;  //员工部门

  //克隆方法

  abstract function __clone();

  //员工部门设置方法

  abstract function setDept($orgCode);

  //员工部门获取方法

  public function getDept()

  {

    return $this->dept;

  }

  //员工ID号设置方法

  public function setId($id)

  {

    $this->id = $id;

  }

  //员工ID号获取方法

  public function getId()

  {

    return $this->id;

  }

  //员工名字设置方法

  public function setName($name)

  {

    $this->name = $name;

  }

  //员工名字获取方法

  public function getName()

  {

    return $this->name;

  }

}

//市场部类

class Marketing extends IAcmePrototype

{

  const UNIT = "Marketing";  //标识

  //市场部门类别

  private $sales = "sales";

  private $promotion = "promotion";

  private $strategic = "strategic planning";

  //克隆函数

  function __clone()

  {

  }

  //部门设置函数

  public function setDept($orgCode)

  {

    switch($orgCode)

    {

      case 101:

          $this->dept = $this->sales;

          break;

      case 102:

          $this->dept = $this->promotion;

          break;

      case 103:

          $this->dept = $this->strategic;

          break;

      default:

          $this->dept = "Unrecognized Marketing";

    }

  }

}

//管理部类

class Management extends IAcmePrototype

{

  const UNIT = "Management";

  private $research = "research";

  private $plan = "planning";

  private $operations = "operations";

  function __clone()

  {

  }

  public function setDept($orgCode)

  {

    switch($orgCode)

    {

      case 201:

          $this->dept = $this->research;

          break;

      case 202:

          $this->dept = $this->plan;

          break;

      case 203:

          $this->dept = $this->operations;

          break;

      default:

          $this->dept = "Unrecognized Marketing";

    }

  }

}

//工厂部类

class Engineering extends IAcmePrototype

{

  const UNIT = "Engineering";

  private $development = "programming";

  private $design = "digital artwork";

  private $sysAd = "system administration";

  function __clone()

  {

  }

  public function setDept($orgCode)

  {

    switch($orgCode)

    {

      case 301:

          $this->dept = $this->development;

          break;

      case 302:

          $this->dept = $this->design;

          break;

      case 303:

          $this->dept = $this->sysAd;

          break;

      default:

          $this->dept = "Unrecognized Marketing";

    }

  }

}

//客户类

class Client

{

  private $market;  //市场部类实例

  private $manage;  //管理部类实例

  private $engineer; //工厂部类实例

  //构造函数

  public function __construct()

  {

    $this->makeConProto();

    //市场部类实例克隆

    $Tess = clone $this->market;

    $this->setEmployee($Tess,"Tess Smith",101,"ts101-1234");

    $this->showEmployee($Tess);

    $Jacob = clone $this->market;

    $this->setEmployee($Jacob,"Jacob Jones",102,"jj101-2234");

    $this->showEmployee($Jacob);

    //管理部类实例克隆

    $Ricky = clone $this->manage;

    $this->setEmployee($Ricky,"Ricky Rodrigues",203,"rr203-5634");

    $this->showEmployee($Ricky);

    //工程部类实例克隆

    $Olivia = clone $this->engineer;

    $this->setEmployee($Olivia,"Olivia perez",302,"op302-1278");

    $this->showEmployee($Olivia);

    $John = clone $this->engineer;

    $this->setEmployee($John,"John Jackson",301,"jj301-1454");

    $this->showEmployee($John);

  }

  //实例化部门对象

  private function makeConProto()

  {

    $this->market = new Marketing();

    $this->manage = new Management();

    $this->engineer = new Engineering();

  }

  //员工信息设置方法

  private function setEmployee(IAcmePrototype $employee,$name,$dept,$id)

  {

    $employee->setName($name);

    $employee->setDept($dept);

    $employee->setId($id);

  }

  //员工信息显示方法

  private function showEmployee(IAcmePrototype $employee)

  {

    echo $employee->getName() . '<br />';

    echo $employee->getDept() . '<br />';

    echo $employee->getId() . '<br />';

  }

}

$client = new Client();

?>

运行结果：

Tess Smith

sales

ts101-1234

Jacob Jones

promotion

jj101-2234

Ricky Rodrigues

operations

rr203-5634

Olivia perez

digital artwork

op302-1278

John Jackson

programming

jj301-1454